Формирование языковой компетенции

Автор: Сумская Ирина Петровна

Организация: ГБОУ Школа №1392 им. Д.В. Рябинкина

Населенный пункт: г. Москва

При подготовке учащихся к подразделу «Словообразование» предлагаем использовать следующие виды упражнений:

а) упражнения на идентификацию и дифференциацию лексического явления. (Найдите, подчеркните, выберите)

- найдите префиксы в словах, выберите однокоренные слова в тексте.

- подберите синонимы, антонимы; сопоставьте прилагательные с существительными; выберите из данных слов, подходящее по контексту.

б) упражнения на подстановку и субституцию:

- прочитайте текст и вставьте в пропуски слова или словосочетания; определите, какое одно слово пропущено в трех предложениях;

- замените выделенные слова в тексте их синонимами;

в) упражнения на трансформацию:

- заполните таблицу, образуя из глаголов существительные и т п.; добавьте отрицательные префиксы к выделенным в тексте словам

г) конструктивные упражнения:

- составьте словосочетания из слов, предложение из словосочетаний; закончите предложение, перефразируйте предложение, используя новые слова

д) контролирующие упражнения:

- лексические диктанты, содержащие задания на перевод слов или словосочетаний, продолжение предложений

- трансформация слов в контексте

- трансформация предложений с использованием определенной конструкции.

Данные виды упражнений могут применяться на разных этапах урока и во внеурочной деятельности.

 

6 класс

(словообразование)

1. От данных прилагательных образуйте прилагательные, используя префиксы in-, un- il-, ir-, im-, dis-, ultra-:

Happy, honest, patient, comfortable, legal, short, possible, modern, responsible, direct, logical.

 

2. Образуйте прилагательные, используя суффиксы –able, -al, -ant, -ent, -ful, -ish,-less.:

To differ, to eat, to compare, brown, care, to resist, use, fruit, home, to resist, form, shame.

 

(трансформация)

3. Составьте пары слов:

Win gymnast cyclist football finishing champion winner footballer cycling player championship gym finish play

 

Keys: gymnast – gym, cyclist – cycling, football – footballer, finishing – finish, champion – championship, player – play.

(подстановка)

4. Составьте слова и заполните ими пропуски в предложениях:

1. Deco sents
2. Stoc cker
3. Tin ration
4. Christ place
5. Pre sel
6. Fire king
7. Cra mas

Keys: decoration, stocking, tinsel, Christmas, presents, fireplace, cracker.

Christmas and the New Year are the best festivals of the year. Before Christmas, people decorate their houses with lights and (1) _________. People decorate the (2) _________ tree with toys, (3) __________ and lights. They put (4) ___________ for all the family under the tree. Children hang (5) __________ for Father (6) ____________ near the fireplace.

Keys: 1) decorations, 2) Christmas, 3) tinsel, 4) presents, 5) stockings, 6) Christmas

 

7 класс

(трансформация, словообразование, подстановка)

Task 1. Make up new words from the verbs in the box and fill in the gaps.

Sing drum guitar play dance compose

A pop group can have many forms, but a traditional one has a single lead singer. There is nearly always a (1) ____________ sitting behind his drams and two or three (2) ___________ playing electric guitars. Nowadays there is always a keyboard (3) ________________. Finally some groups have a saxophone player and might even have one or two (4) ______________. Some groups have their own songwriter and (5) ___________ who write the lyrics and music for them.

 

Keys: 1) drummer 2) guitarists 3) player 4) dancers 5) composers

(упражнения на идентификацию и дифференциацию лексического явления.)

Task 2. Complete the lines with the adjectives from the list:

There are some extra words in the box.

Adventurous artistic bossy bubbly caring chatty cheerful confident dreamy fun-loving happy hard-working home-loving outgoing romantic secretive selfish sensitive shy unselfish cheerful

 

1. – ive: secretive ____________________________________________
2. – y: dreamy _______________________________________________
3. – ic: romantic _____________________________________________
4. – ing: caring _______________________________________________
5. – ish: selfish _______________________________________________

(упражнения на идентификацию и дифференциацию лексического явления)

 

Task 3. Read the sentences and write noun or verb for the words in CAPITALS.

Example: What’s the MATTER? Noun

1. In this café you can TASTE very delicious ice cream.
2. House RHYMES with mouse.
3. “There’s somebody in the room,” he said in a WISPER.
4. The LAUNCH of the spaceship is planned for Friday.
5. Whom do you SUSPECT?
6. The astronauts worked in ORBIT for forty days.

Keys: a) verb, b) verb, c) noun, d) noun, e) verb, f) noun

 

8 класс

(упражнения на идентификацию и дифференциацию лексического явления)

Task 1. Choose the best word to make up a sentence.

Example: He speaks German very well/ very good.

1. Can I have a quick / quickly word with you?
2. The teacher explained the task clear / clearly.
3. I usually spell the words correct / correctly.
4. My dad drives his car careful / carefully.
5. My neighbor have a beautiful / beautifully cat.
6. Tom’s uncle has travelled a lot and always tells interesting / interestingly stories.

Keys: 1) quick, 2) clearly, 3) correctly, 4) carefully, 5) beautiful, 6) interesting

 

(словообразование, подстановка)

Task 2. Fill in the gaps with the right form of the word from the box.

Widely (1) rely (2) confidence (3) create (4) care (5) ambition (6) excellence

 

Change the form of the word if necessary.

A broad hand with a wide palm and chunky fingers shows that this person is (1) _______ and very (2) _________ . She /He can get bored easily and often comes up with (3) _________ ideas. She / He is (4) _________ to make the ideas work, but likes to make people agree to do everything the way that she /he likes. These people are quite (5) __________ and can make an (6) ___________ career as firefighters, photographers, or new reporters.

Keys: 1) reliable, 2) confident, 3) creative, 4) careful, 5) ambitious, 6) excellent

(конструктивные)

Task 3. Rephrase the underlined parts of the sentences using one of the words in the box in the right form.

• There is one extra word.

Find out examine investigate commit suspect

 

1. The police looked at the doctor’s surgery and the area around it carefully because they wanted to find out more about it.
2. Inspector Morse was appointed to try to find out the truth about the case of the robbery at the bank.
3. Miss Marple by chance got the information that Mr Smith had not been at home on the day of the crime.
4. Nobody thought that it could be true that Miss Springwood had stolen the coin collection.

Keys: 1) examined, 2) to investigate, 3) found out, 4) suspected

 

(подстановка)

Task 4. Fill in the gaps with the words from the box in the right form.

• There is one extra word.

Regret proud gain fail self-confident cause

 

1. They lost the game, but they ________ a lot of new experience.
2. I decided to give up my piano lessons – a decision I later _____.
3. Nightmares are often _________ by stress.
4. We got excellent results in the test and our teacher was ______ of us.
5. Sometimes we all _________ but we should not give up.

Keys: 1) gained, 2) regretted, 3) caused, 4) proud, 5) fail

 

9–11 классы

(словообразование)

Ex. 1. Образуйте от данных глаголов существительные с помощью суффикса -ment. Переведите на русский язык:

to develop, to achieve, to move, to arrange, to treat, to state, to improve, to agree, to equip, to govern, to require, to measure, to announce, to pave, to amuse, to argue, to advertise, to invest.

Ex. 2. Составьте из предложенных слов существительные с помощью суффиксов -ness, -ship, -ment. Используйте полученные слова в предложениях.
relation, member, agree, appoint, champion, enjoy, good, excite, friend, entertain, happy, lazy, manage, amuse, partner, retire, sad, scholar, lonely, develop;

1. The world football ______ will take place in 2 years.
2. I can't approve of ______ in people, we should always move forward.
3. Jill couldn't describe her ______ when she heard the jury call out her name.
4. They are very proud of their _____, they have been friends for more than twenty years.
5. Little puppies and kittens are a constant source of ______ to us.
6. We hope the close ______ between the two countries will continue.
7. Samuel is one of the best students, he receives a_______.
8. Mr. Temple took _______ at the age of 69.
9. Our sports club is very popular, we have a_________ of 560 people.

10. I’d like to make an________with the doctor.

11. He doesn’t get any real _________from dancing.

12. There was great ________among people as they waited for the president to arrive.

13. Sit down and be quiet, for ________sake!

14. A jazz band provided the_________.

15. Ann’s childhood was full of pain and ______________.

16. In this company we have a new approach to ___________.

17. She suffers from___________.

18. There is a close________ between poverty and crime.

19. We encourage our staff in their ________of new skills.

20. Many countries signed an________to cut air pollution.

 

Ex. 3. Образуйте от данных глаголов существительные с по­мощью суффикса

-еr или or. Переведите на русский язык:

to lead, to write, to investigate, to visit, to speak, to sleep, to act, to direct

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Опубликовано: 11.04.2024